Sunday, 23 October 2011

Temple of Philae

The island of Philae, is an island in the middle of the River Nile, one of the forts strongest along the border of southern Egypt, and separates the Nile into two channels Maackstan in Aswan was the Temple of Philae and moved from its original location on the island of Philae was collected on the island of Ojeljka in the wake of the High Dam

The name is due to Vilay elephants or the Greek language which means the (beloved) or (granules) The Arabic name to her that he (Anas exist), the proportion of the myth once in the story of the Thousand and One Nights The name of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic is Bilak or Balakh

  Means to reduce or end it was the last to the borders of Egypt in the south. And a set of worship dedicated to the worship of the goddess Isis, is that the island contained the temples of Hathor and Amenhotep, and other temples

Built temples, "elephants" in the origin to the worship of the goddess "Isis
In all the centuries elephants have gained a special place in worship to the extent that a crowd of followers that worship were meeting to revive the story of the death of Osiris and sent
The great temple was built during the third century BC, was followed by the temples of Amenhotep Erssanovas and The Temple of Hathor is the last major impact of the Ptolemaic and the construction was completed before the year 116 BC by the second Aiorgits Btalma has added other inscriptions to the elephants, which is one of the masterpieces of the temple.

  From Egypt, the worship of the gods Isis spread to Greece and Rome and in various parts of the empire even when the application of Roman rule in Egypt, the rulers tried to beauty the island has the Holy Emperor Augustus Caesar built a temple in the northern tip of elephants in the ninth century BC. The Tibirius and others have added edifices and inscriptions, as Claudius built Hadrian and Trajan and Diocletian and new buildings on the island continued to work there until the fourth century AD

.The intensity of the control of the worship of Isis on the island of Philae led to the extension of the worship for many centuries in defiance of the decree of emperor Theodosius I, issued in 391 AD, which forces the Christian religion all over the empire ROMANIAN In 550 AD, under the rule of Justinian arrived Christianity to the island elephants and started a new page in its history. A new society and be a Christian on the island of Philae and the hall turned columns to be suitable for the practice of the new religion. Stones were taken from some of the effects to build Christian churches on the island. The new village grew around the Temple of Isis

When Islam came, was considered a bulwark elephants represented in one of the legendary story of the Thousand Nights and gained the name Anas being named after a hero of these stories, stories of Thousand and One Nights

This temple dedicated to the goddess Isis, who was swamped with waters of the Nile was divided and re-assembled in a new location on the island of Ajeljka a distance of about 500 m from its original location on the island of Philae and includes buildings of the temple of Hathor and the visitor can see the light and sound at night, which offers a variety of languages

Egypt was part of the prosperous parts of the empire became a wealthy Romanian right was built in several new cities, the most famous establishments in Egypt in Roman times, the so-called Pharaoh's bed any kiosk of Trajan and the impact on the island of Philae was built by Emperor Trajan, the Roman governor

The values ​​of a large number of temples on the island of "elephants" Perhaps the oldest of the temples dating to the reign of King Tuthmosis III in the fourth century BC, built the King "Nakht Npf" (378-341 BC). And a huge temple was built on its impact, "Ptolemy Veladlv (the third century BC) the great temple, and was followed by many of the Ptolemaic kings and the governors of the Romans until the crowded island of Philae temples, the best known is called the "chamber of Pharaoh
 
There is also a large number of statues of the kings of ancient Egypt on an island

Promises of ruins the first on the island of Philae to the reign of King Taharqa (family and Twenty-fifth and the Temple of Isis, one of the largest and most important effects in the group of temples, large and small on the island of Philae and the running of this temple is about a quarter of the island and the other effects on the island of Philae limited "Nkhtnpo first (family Thirty and two rows of columns dating back to Roman times and the Temple of Erassanovas Greek - Roman Temple of Mandolees (from the Roman era), and the Temple of Amahotb (from the Ptolemaic period, and the most important small temples that surround the group temples, the great temple of Hathor (Ptolemaic period) and compartment Trajan

Been reshaped Ajeljka Island, which lies a distance of five hundred meters from the site of the island of Philae - and transferred to the various temples of the island of Philae and the sunken island of Philae so similar.

Since the completion of the first Aswan Dam in 1902 and the Nile waters surrounding the island of Philae most of the year, in the island with all its stock of precious ancient temples, including cabins, columns, and gates Pharaonic, embodying all the architectural styles Romanian - Greek and Pharaonic.

The Nkhtnpo which is one of the last kings of Egypt built the original temple on the island of Philae in the first half of the fourth century BC, and after him came the Ptolemies, who ruled the country for 300 years and embraced the cult of Isis, supplementing the private tombs on the island.

This has led to build the High Dam to change the situation radically For the consideration that the island will be located between the new dam and the old dam, it will become partially submerged, but throughout the year.

In addition, the daily draw of water to drive turbines that generate electricity may mean the presence of ripples going in nearly 3 meters from the water level which in turn leads to the destruction of the stones quickly and then the failure to find a solution to this problem would have led to this island floating long Khlapt the lives of tourists to the disappearance from the map.

When the problem was put Philae Island as an urgent problem, the response at the Nubia Campaign, a quick Maeks international community's determination to save this area of ​​beauty and historical importance of this issue and then save the elephants were not or not how to save as much as a patchwork

However, after studying the results of this project and in particular the impact of artesian water on the effects of the project and what it requires great cost, experts also suggested another project submitted by the Egyptian government, this project aims to transfer the effects to the island of Ajeljka

Began the process of saving elephants in 1972, when the ships began may Piles installed the first plate steel, from between 3000 board and in the bottom of the Nile in order to gain a temporary dam to hold the water around the island and it took two years to inform the island by two rows of piles interlocking length of 12 meters, and within this space has been pour a mixture of water and washed sand quarries in the waterfall at a distance of 5 km, were connected to this mixture across the lake through the tubes, were allowed to leak water, leaving the sand to support the steel against the pressure of the lake, and thus escape complete belt around the island

    

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